Global research trends on enrofloxacin in veterinary and environmental sciences: A bibliometric study

Authors: Mohammed Alquhaidan, Ahmed Alnaeem, Yukio Kitade, and Mahmoud Kandeel

Ger. J. Vet. Res 2026. vol. 6, Iss. 1 pp:95-106
Doi: https://doi.org/10.51585/gjvr.2026.1.0181

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Abstract:

Enrofloxacin is widely used in veterinary medicine, yet no comprehensive work has examined how global research and collaboration have evolved since its introduction in the late 1980s. Knowledge of these trends is essential to supporting the responsible use of antibiotics and to overcoming antimicrobial resistance. The study comprised 1658 articles from the Scopus database published between 1988 and August 2025. The Bibliometrix R package and VOSviewer software were used to conduct bibliometric analyses, including citation analysis, co-authorship mapping, keyword co-occurrence networks, thematic mapping, and trend detection. Using these analytical approaches, results showed that annual publication output peaked in 2024. Furthermore, thematic evolution analysis indicated a shift from early pharmacological research to environmental remediation and antimicrobial resistance studies. Research themes shifted from early pharmacological studies to analytical chemistry and residue detection, and ultimately to environmental remediation technologies, including photocatalytic degradation, biochar adsorption, and advanced oxidation processes (2016-present). The most cited articles on enrofloxacin focused on bioaccumulation, phototoxicity, photodegradation, and ecotoxicological investigations. Studies on enrofloxacin have shifted from basic pharmacology to environmental and resistance issues. Based on these trends, the findings highlight the growing need for interdisciplinary and translational research. Interdisciplinary solutions to the interrelated issues of food security, antimicrobial resistance, and environmental sustainability that enrofloxacin research ultimately serves are required.

Keywords:

Enrofloxacin, Fluoroquinolones, Bibliometric analysis, Research themes, Veterinary medicine, Environmental remediation

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