A One Health review on anti-microbial resistance patterns of Klebsiella pneumoniae in Pakistan

Authors: Abdul Sammad A. K. Shirwany and Sulaiman A. Anagreyyah

Ger. J. Microbiol. 2025. vol. 5, Iss. 3 pp:1-20
Doi: https://doi.org/10.51585/gjm.2025.3.0053

article-picture
Abstract:

The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella (K.) pneumoniae are a growing global public health concern, particularly within the context of the One Health framework. In Pakistan, clinical surveillance has revealed a growing burden of ESBL and carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae; however, data from animal, food, and environmental sources remain limited and fragmented. Recent studies have reported the occurrence of high-risk bacterial clones and various antimicrobial resistance genes in isolates from poultry, livestock, companion animals, raw foods, and drinking water. This review aims to consolidate available data on K. pneumoniae and its antimicrobial resistance patterns in Pakistan from a One Health perspective, highlighting critical gaps to propose recommendations for improved surveillance and control. The findings underscore the potential for environmental dissemination and zoonotic transmission. However, the true extent of the problem remains largely underexplored due to inadequate surveillance, particularly outside the clinical sector. There is an urgent need to strengthen integrated Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) monitoring across sectors in Pakistan to inform control strategies.

Keywords:

Review, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Antibiotic resistance, Resistance determinants, antibiotic susceptibility pattern, One Health, Pakistan

Statistics:

Article Views: 1073
PDF Download: 15